A new study published in the journal Science Translational Medicine in the United States shows that if pregnant women develop inflammation due to infection, they may activate the fetal immune system prematurely, resulting in premature delivery of the baby.
Pregnancy generally lasts 40 weeks. Preterm birth refers to the delivery of less than 37 weeks of pregnancy, which is the main cause of neonatal death or long-term complications.
Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco and other institutions tested blood from 89 full-term women and 70 preterm women and cord blood from the fetus. As a result, it was found that the content of dendritic cells and effector T cells in cord blood of premature infants was higher.
Researchers say that during pregnancy, the fetal immune system does not usually produce a "rejection" response to the mother. However, in the case of pregnant women with inflammation, the fetal immune system may feel certain chemicals, the dendritic cells will transmit relevant information to the effector T cells, the latter start to start the defense mechanism, mistaken for the mother cell is "enemy" And launch an attack. Some of the chemicals released by the fetal immune system during this process can cause maternal uterine contractions, which may lead to premature delivery.
Tipi McKenzie, an associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said that in the past people had always thought that the fetal immune system was immature and would not be linked to maternal complications during pregnancy. In fact, the fetal immune system may have been activated at an earlier time, so it is necessary to analyze the risk of preterm delivery from this perspective. The research team is looking for biomarkers in maternal blood that can be used to determine this risk. (Reporter Zhou Zhou)
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